Invasive Species Quiz No. 1

The answers follow immediately below -- like an open-book test! Short, but highly recommended for all and please do share widely.

1. What state passed an “Invasive Species” law -- with the full stakeholder cooperation of the green industries -- but whose industry now finds that 15 of its products, worth $18-20M in annual sales, are on the “Invasive Species” list?



2. Which three Federal agencies were involved in the case of a Pennsylvania landowner who was required to plant only native species (and to remove nonnative, “Invasive Species”) on his own private property to control erosion along the federally designated “Wild and Scenic” Allegheny River?



3. What major Congressional bill contains clauses that introduce new National Environmental Policy Act mitigation and inventory processes similar to those in the Clean Water Act and Endangered Species Act for regulation of “invasive” and native species on highway projects?



4. Though clearly harmful to human health, poison ivy, poison oak and poison sumac are not found on “Invasive Species” lists. Why?



5. True or False: Rainbow trout is listed as an “Invasive Species” by Federal agencies.



6. In what State was a commercial beekeeper prevented from placing a bee yard on public land because the honeybee is of European origin, thus an “Invasive Species”?



7. True or False: In 1999, tall fescue, birdsfoot trefoil, crownvetch, redtop and ryegrass -- for decades the primary species recommended for conservation use in the Northeast by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) -- were “no longer recommended” because they were suddenly considered “Invasive Species”.



8. Which Federal agency falsely states that perennial ryegrass, sweet clover and crownvetch are on State noxious weed lists?



9. What major university conducted a study and released it to the Associated Press, concluding that the flower seed industry was acting irresponsibly by selling “Invasive Species” seeds of Black-eyed Susan, cosmos, bachelor buttons, snapdragon, baby’s breath and others?



10. Under what statute are Federal agencies authorized to list or prohibit “Invasive Species”.







ANSWERS:


1. Connecticut.


2. The U.S. Forest Service, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. (The USFS came up with the initial requirement.)


3. The Senate version of the Transportation bill, the House having removed the clauses. The bill did not pass in the last Congress (108th), but will be re-introduced in the current session (109th).


4. They are native to North America.


5. True.


6. Colorado.


7. True.


8. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA).


9. The University of Washington, Seattle.


10. None. All listings, prohibitions, etc., have emanated from President Clinton’s “Invasive Species” Executive Order No. 13112. It is vital that we stop “Invasive Species” from becoming law. Any clauses allowed to remain in the transportation bill, the National Aquatic Invasive Species Act, the Public Land Protection and Conservation Act and others, that refer to “invasive species” will encumber America with what is tantamount to ‘the next ESA’ if not removed or the bills defeated.


Prepared by Fred Grau - State College, PA